In 2012 a class was divided into 2 groups. Their assignment was to find the names of at least 3 children who were born on the same day from 5 different months of 2011. These were the results:
Group 1
August 20: Oliver, William, and Adam.
January 3: John, Alice, and Ken.
September 7: Bruce, Shane, and Peter.
June 11: April, Patrick, and Bobby.
July 19: Trent, Julie, and Charles.
Group 2
March 1: Karl, Willie, and Patty.
February 29: Blake, Kobe, and Wayne.
December 24: Kyle, Chad, and Zoe.
May 12: Matthew, Manny, and Adrian.
November 20: Greg, Fiona, and Elizabeth.
The members of group 2 got an F on the assignment. Why?
Linda is 31 years old, single, outspoken, and very bright. She majored in philosophy. As a student, she was deeply concerned with issues of discrimination and social justice, and also participated in anti-nuclear demonstrations.
Which is more probable?
1) Linda is a bank teller.
2) Linda is a bank teller and is active in the feminist movement.
Most people guess number two, but the probability of two events occurring together is always less than or equal to the probability of either one occurring alone. This problem is known as the Conjunction Fallacy.
When Julian and Penelope met, one was half the others age plus seven years. Ten years later when they married, Penelope was thirty, but this time one was nine tenths the age of the other. How old was Julian? (No fractions or partial years, whole numbers only).